Insights

Designing Idempotent APIs for Reliability

Idempotency keys and deterministic state transitions prevent costly duplicate writes.

Category: Backend Published: 2026-02-17 Author: Prashant Sinha

Why idempotency matters

Retries are normal in distributed systems. Without idempotency, a transient timeout can create duplicate charges, orders, or provisioning operations.

Implementation pattern

  • Require client-generated idempotency key for mutating endpoints.
  • Store request hash and final response per key.
  • Return the original success payload for repeated requests.

Operational checks

  • Alert on duplicate key conflicts with mismatched payloads.
  • Track retry volume by endpoint.
  • Enforce key TTL and cleanup policies.